Apply critical thinking skills and evidence based practice concerning Essay

Apply critical thinking skills and evidence based practice concerning chronic disease in older adults and management of nursing - Essay Example The insulin receptors are unresponsive, a factor that is contributed by genetic predisposition and lifestyle (Spiegel & Hawkins, 2012). Type 2 is the more predominant in the population compared to type 1. The disease can be life threatening if not managed well; however, good management can result into relatively better living. Type 2 diabetes is accompanied by several symptoms. The body is unable to conserve water, a condition that results to polyuria. Because of the uncontrolled sugar levels, high blood sugar results, the individual exhibits a state of reduced consciousness and low blood pressure. In addition, the person produces sugary urine. This situation prompts an individual to develop increased thirst a condition called polydipsia. The disease is also associated with blurred vision, peripheral neuropathy, increased hunger, and gradual weight increase among others. Early detection is very essential for effective management of the disease. Other signs and symptoms that have been identified to accompany the disease include a state of tiredness and lethargy, very slow healing of wounds and cuts, swinging moods, a feeling of dizziness and sometimes headaches (Spiegel & Hawkins, 2012). ... They are also obliged to avoid smoking and taking every prescription faithfully. For low-level production of insulin, the patient can be prescribed to take insulin in order to control insulin levels (Diabetes Australia, 2013). No known cure has been developed for Diabetes type 2. However, some medication is given to reduce the levels of the disease symptoms. Five main classes of drugs have been developed. Firstly, the biguanides are insulin tablets are helpful in reducing the levels of glucose through reducing the levels of stored glucose, increasing insulin sensitivity and reducing the intestinal absorption of glucose. The second category are the thiazolidinediones, these are also insulin tablets that targets the patients’ insulin and activate it. These drugs have been known to target fat and muscle cells. Meglitinides and sulphonylureas are given to patients to stimulate production of insulin by the pancreas hence helping reduce blood sugar levels. Alpha glucosidase inhibito r prevents the digestion and absorption of most of the carbohydrates in the stomach and intestines (Diabetes Australia, 2013). Medical practitioners are required to understand the dynamics of the disease in order to combat it effectively. Regular follow up visits should be done, during the time which the nurse should discourage the patient from smoking, their blood pressure is checked, their weight, a review of the symptoms is done as well as a review of self-monitoring. This review should be done quarterly. Annually, the nurse in charge should conduct a more thorough assessment by checking for any complications, reviewing the goals of management, considering a referral to a specialist and updating the immunization schedule. During these periods, should conduct a full physical